Laser cutting is now widely recognised as one of the most efficient, high-quality, and precise metal processing technologies available. The nozzle is one of the many parameters that influence laser cutting performance. Choosing the right nozzle when cutting various materials can make processing easier.
The nozzle is one of the most significant components in laser cutting. It is situated at the bottom of the cutting head. The laser beam and auxiliary gas act on the cutting material via the nozzle. Its primary function is to collect auxiliary gas and form high pressure, then release it to the surface of the cutting material and slit, blow away the melted and vaporised parent material generated during the cutting process, and leave a clean slit while preventing slag, smoke, and other pollutants from rebounding upward, thereby protecting the internal lens.
There are two types of nozzles to choose from: single and double-layer. The single-layer nozzle has a modest gas flow rate and is commonly used to cut stainless steel, aluminium alloy, copper, and other metals. Nitrogen is commonly utilised as an auxiliary gas. The double-layer nozzle produces a high gas flow rate and is ideal for high-speed cutting. It is commonly used to cut carbon steel. In general, oxygen is employed as an auxiliary gas, and the cutting surface is typically darkened owing to oxidation.
To remove the melt, choose the appropriate nozzle size based on the gas flow rate on the cutting material. The more gas flows into the incision and the faster it moves, the better the ability to spray and remove the melt.
In principle, a thicker plate should result in a larger nozzle. However, the wider the nozzle’s aperture, the more likely it is that melt sparks may spill upward during cutting, shortening the lens’s life.
When the nozzle is distorted or has melt spots, the cutting effect is reduced. As a result, the nozzle should be carefully set to avoid damage or deformation, and any melt spots should be cleaned promptly.
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